Indication: Acaluxen, also recognized as Acalabrutinib under the International Nonproprietary Name (INN), is prescribed for treating adult patients diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have undergone at least one prior therapy.

Pharmacology: Acaluxen operates as a potent and selective inhibitor targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). By binding irreversibly to BTK, acaluxen obstructs B-cell receptor signaling, effectively hindering the activation and proliferation of malignant B-cells.

Dosage and Administration: The recommended dosage of Acaluxen is 100 mg taken orally twice daily. It can be consumed with or without food and should be accompanied by a glass of water.

Interactions: Acaluxen has the potential to interact with medications that serve as substrates, inhibitors, or inducers of cytochrome P450 enzymes, notably CYP3A4 and CYP2C19. Co-administration with potent CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers should be avoided. Additionally, caution is advised when combining acaluxen with drugs that extend the QT interval or are substrates of P-glycoprotein.

Side Effects: Typical side effects associated with Acaluxen comprise headache, diarrhea, fatigue, myalgia, and upper respiratory tract infection. Serious adverse reactions may encompass hemorrhage, atrial fibrillation, infections, and hypertension.

Precautions and Warnings:

• Patients should undergo monitoring for bleeding, including observing for indications of gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and bruising.
• Atrial fibrillation and other cardiac arrhythmias have been documented with acaluxen use, warranting close monitoring for patients with preexisting cardiovascular conditions.
• Incidences of infections, including opportunistic infections, have been noted with acaluxen therapy, potentially necessitating consideration of prophylactic antibiotics in select patients.
• Due to reported cases of hypertension associated with acaluxen use, regular blood pressure monitoring during treatment is advised.

Overdose Effect: In the event of overdose, supportive care is imperative. No specific antidote for acaluxen overdose exists; thus, close monitoring for adverse reactions is vital, with prompt initiation of appropriate symptomatic treatment as required.